Should companies allow employees to exercise on work time

Abstract Employees’ performance at workplaces is affected by numerous factors. Different forms of jobs have varying factors which influence performance of workers. Different results are also obtained depending on individuals. Poor physical health is known to have adverse effects on productivity of employees at a workplace.Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on Should companies allow employees to exercise on work time? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Various researchers have come up with studies to prove whether physical exercise is necessary at workplace. Different working environments, people and type of work give varying results which either support or dismiss the need for exercise in places of work. This variation in factors and results complicates the real value of allowing employees to exercise during working time. Some managers believe that exercise during work time is a total waste of valuable time. Others understand the contribution of exercise to refreshing employee’s mind, abilities and performance. However, even if exercise is allowed at workplace, the other question is, should workers exercise during or after working hours? In this paper, sufficient reasons will be provided to support or dismiss the hypothesis. This paper uses coded words to identify reasons that justify if exercise should be allowed during working time by employers. Hypothesis The hypothesis is that exercise should be allowed in places of work during working hours by employers. Many people work in offices and other places which do not require physical strength to perform their duties. These people do not get enough time to exercise and keep their bodies fit. Furthermore, some jobs are repetitive and do not allow workers to refresh their minds. This in turn makes workers less effective while performing their duties. At the end employees develop health problems due to poor physical exercise. Researc h method The research method used in this paper is coding. This method is used to organize and analyze key words and phrases which are considered to be important for the research. Results of the coding have been provided. They were obtained from various articles on the internet, journals and reports.Advertising Looking for coursework on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Results of the research are presented on the pages that follow. At the end of the research, a conclusion shall be drawn to explain if the hypothesis was supported or not. Results of each source and cumulative frequencies are tabulated independently. Ten sources are used in this research. Flexible Work Arrangements: Selected Case Studies (Georgetown University Law Center. 2010). People who exercise on work days are happier, suffer less stress and are more productive (Daily Mail Reporter, 2008). Taking Time Off of Work to Exercise Improves E mployee Health. (Reynolds, 2011)Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on Should companies allow employees to exercise on work time? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Evidence module: Workplace physical activity and nutrition interventions (Physical Activity Nutrition and Obesity Research Group, 2009). The Economic Benefits of Exercise (Haywards Heath, 2001) Physical Activity in the Workplace (Soetemans. 2004). Advertising Looking for coursework on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Effectiveness of workplace physical exercise intervention on functioning, work ability, and subjective well-being of office Workers (Harri, Pekka, Marja 2006) The Association between Work Performance and Physical Activity, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, and Obesity (Pronk, Martinson, Kessler, Beck, Simon, Wang, 2004) Health benefits of a pedometer-based physical activity intervention in sedentary workers (Catherine, Chan, Ryan, Catrine, 2004) Diet, Physical Activity and Health at the workplace (Brad, 2007) Discussion The results of the coding research indicate that the hypothesis is supported by most authors of the articles used. Some main words and phrases have a high cumulative frequency which indicates that the information supports exercise at places of work. The first four words and phrases with the highest number of hits in descending order are as follows; Work 493, Exercise 181, Workplace 181 and Physical activity 170. This is a clear indication that employers should not on ly allow their workers to exercise at their places of work, but also during working time. Information from most of the sources used in the research is in support of physical exercise at workplaces. A research conducted by Pronk and others (2004) found that employees who are allowed by their employers to engage in physical activities performed better than their colleagues who were not allowed or choose not to engage in physical activities. Employees who are less active develop health problems which eventually influence negatively their performance at work. According to Soetemans (2004), physical activities not only improve mental and physical well being, but also improve work performance. All the information found by researchers and various authors agree that exercise at place of work should be allowed during working hours to improve employees’ well being. This is supported by the data obtained by the coding research. People with various health problems such as obesity, heart disease and stroke are associated with poor physical activities and office jobs. Soetemans further showed that such people are frequently absent from work because they visit health facilities more often than their healthy colleagues. Conclusion From the results we can see that the highest frequency was portrayed by Work, Exercise, Workplace and Physical activity. The lowest hits were in Anxiety. My conclusion is that the high number of hits in physical activity, exercise, workplace and work supports the need for employers to provide their workers with facilities for exercising at workplace. Fewer hits were recorded for sport than for physical activity. This shows that the form of exercise should not be limited to popular sporting activities. Therefore, the hypothesis I drew at the beginning of the research has been supported by facts from the research. References Brad, J. (2007). Proceedings from Conference Centre Albert Borschette Rue 3rd July 2007: Conference on Diet, Physical Act ivity and Health at the workplace. Brussels: Froissart. Catherine, B., Chan, D., Ryan, A. J., Catrine T. L. (2004). Health benefits of a pedometer-based physical activity intervention in sedentary workers. Preventive Medicine, 39, 1215–1222. Daily Mail Reporter. (2008). People who exercise on work days are happier, suffer less stress and are more productive. Web. Georgetown University Law Center. (2010). Flexible Work Arrangements: Selected Case Studies. Web. Harri, S., Pekka, O. and Marja, L. T. (2006). Effectiveness of Workplace Physical Exercise Intervention on Functioning, Work Ability, and Subjective Well-Being of Office Workers. Web. Haywards Heath (2001). The Economic Benefits of Exercise. Web. Physical Activity Nutrition and Obesity Research Group (2009). Evidence module: Workplace physical activity and nutrition interventions. Sydney: University of Sydney. Reynolds, D. (2011). Taking Time Off of Work to Exercise Improves Employee Health. Web. Pronk, N., P., Martinso n, B., Kessler, R., C., Beck, L. Simon, G. E. and Wang, P. (2004). The Association between Work Performance and Physical Activity Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Obesity, JOEM, 46, 19-25. Soetemans. A. (2004). Physical Activity in the Workplace. Web. This coursework on Should companies allow employees to exercise on work time? was written and submitted by user Frederick Marquez to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Holocaust Denial essays

Holocaust Denial essays Whoever wins the war write the books. This is a phrase, which by most, is casually regarded as true. However, there is one group of people that stringently believes that not only is this idea true, but to the point where it has assimilated conspiracies in order to develop sympathies for a race of people who have been historically outcast. Many books have been written about the horrifying atrocities that occurred in the concentration camps during World War II. It is said that an estimated six million Jews died at the hands of Adolph Hitler, in what is known as the Holocaust. Yet, despite all the literature out there, there are those who have come to be known as Holocaust deniers. Although they are not widely known, a mere blip on the radar screen, they have had quite an impact. So much so, that their ideals are illegal in Austria, France, Germany, Belgium, Israel, and Switzerland. Although its origins are slightly obscure, the first influential denier or revisionist was write r Paul Rassinier, who, beginning in the 1960s, wrote at least 4 books about the subject. It wasnt until the 1970s that this movement his its full strength, and in 1979 the Institute for Historical Review was founded, an organization solely dedicated to spreading the truth about the holocaust. The three pillars of Holocaust deniers are as follows: there were no gas chambers, the estimated number of six million murdered is a gross exaggeration of the truth, and that Hitler had no master plan. According to the textbooks, during the middle of WWII the Nazis needed a cheaper and more effective way to exterminate the Jews. They built new crematoriums, which were a combination of gas chambers and ovens. These gas chambers posed as showers. After loading them to their full capacity they would surprise their victims by showering them not with water, but with a gas named Zyklon B. Z...

Paper Research

Paper Research Paper Research Paper Research: Strategies of Making Good Research When you get an assignment to write a paper, whether it is an essay, a research paper, a term paper or any other kind of student paper, you want to write it well in order to get high points. In what way can one write a good assignment paper? This is the main question that springs to your mind! Lets find an answer! To write a good paper you should make, first of all, good paper research. It does not matter what kind of student paper you have to write. One should stress that actually to make papers research means not only to conduct long-lasting investigation, make complicated calculations and observations. Even if you are writing a reaction paper on a certain movie, you have to make some research. It will be just the research of smaller size. In this case paper research will contain watching the movie, describing of the main characters, analyzing of the main idea and discussing of the matter problems. Anyway, it will take you some t ime and certain efforts to make this research. Thus, the essence does not change, only the research scale is different. Three main elements of making good paper research To make good paper research you should take into account 3 aspects!You should be interested in the issue that is investigated. If you are free in choosing your paper topic, of course, it is very easy for you to meet this condition. But what should you do if you are provided with a certain topic? There is no problem as well. The matter is that you have to study a certain point of this topic. Thus, try to find a point that will get you interested most of all while studying informational materials on the given topic. You should study the question thoroughly. You should understand that to make good paper research you should have good informational basis. So, try to process as much information on your topic as you can. Do not forget to write down some specific data that may be useful for your writing. This may be some figures, quotations, observation results and so on. You should neither be in hurry, no dilly-dally! Making a time-table for your writing process will help you control your time left till the submission date. Split your work into several parts (for example, studying the information, making an outline for your paper, writing and checking) trying to determine approximate time that will take you to fulfill each part of the work. Do not forget to take into account some force-majeure circumstances! So, add several days to each part of your time-table. So, try to keep in mind this information and you will make really good paper research!

Human reasoning and Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Human reasoning and Education - Essay Example Human reasoning and Education An ideal childhood can lead to an ideal person. A sound body and a sound mind have to be nourished. When all the things permit and when there are no hurdles and when life is a pleasure they can follow the set of standards set globally. As the great leaders say children are the nations future. An ideal childhood is what most of the able parents would provide to their children but what about those who crave for that. So we can say all these things are for the lucky few and most of population of poorer countries unlucky. The rich countries are lending a helping hand to poor but the funds don’t reach them instead gulped in between While learning at education institutions like schools, colleges, etc., they learn discipline and other activities. When we saw the scenario of the class pupil will do their work, one is laughing and one is fighting with his/her friend, one says I am feeling hungry, there will be muffled sounds in the class room, they think that is their dream world. They call the teacher they show what they have done in the class. And they expect that teacher should appreciate and encourage them. At this stage they want to learn new things or words from this world, in house parents talk something and the child would start imitating the same words. At this time they feel that they have achieved something, very often they will learn all these. This stage child will have enthusiasm to learn such things, their memory too sharp. Because they don’t have any jealous about others and no wealth problem they don’t worry about the others. Everything is going peacefully in their life.

Conveyance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Conveyance - Essay Example Normally the contract is conditional upon matters such as the sellers being able, before completion of the transaction, to prove that they have good title to the property and to exhibit clear searches from the property registers and the local authority. The system of conveyancing is designed to ensure that the buyer gets the land together with all the rights that go with it, i.e. title deed to the land and also by knowing about any restrictions in advance. A typical conveyancing transaction, whether a sale or purchase, contains two major 'landmarks', which are exchange of contracts and completion, plus the three stages: before contract, before completion and after completion. Under English law agreements are not legally binding until contracts are exchanged. This mainly involves a normal practice where the buyer negotiate an agreed price with the seller then organize a survey and have the solicitor (or conveyancer) carry out their searches and prepare the contract, which are signed by the parties. Similarly, deeds are done in writing and the signature of the party or parties making the deed must be witnessed. All conveyances, transfers, leases, mortgages and legal charges must be deeds. Thus, notwithstanding the growing use of electronic communication at all the other stages of a conveyancing transaction; the two key stages of making the contract and completion must be achieved by using paper documents. The process takes an average 10-12 weeks to get the deeds to the property, and during this period either party can pull out at any time. This gives rise to a risk of gazumping. The position in Scotland under Scots law is that the contract is generally con cluded at a much earlier stage, and the initial offer, once accepted by the seller, is legally binding. Bebchuk, Lucian A., and Mark J. Roe, (1999) In United States The conveyancing process in the U.S. varies from state to state depending on local legal requirements and historical practice. Edwin.T, Freedley (1858). In most situations, three attorneys will be involved in the process each representing the buyer, seller, and mortgage holder; frequently all three will sit around a table with the buyer and seller and literally "pass papers" to effect the transaction. (Some states do not require all parties to be present simultaneously.) In order to protect themselves from defects in the title, buyers will frequently purchase title insurance at this time, either for themselves or for their lender. In most states, a prospective buyer's offer to purchase is made in the form of a written contract and bound with a deposit on the purchase price. The offer will set out conditions (such as appraisal, title clearance, inspection, occupancy, and financing) under which the buyer may withdraw the offer without forfeiting the deposit. Once the conditions have be en met (or waived), the buyer has "equitable title" and conveyancing proceeds or may be compelled by court order. There may be other last-minute conditions to closing, such as "broom clean" premises, evictions, and repairs. Typical papers at conveyancing include: deed(s), certified checks, promissory note, mortgage, certificate of liens, pro rata property taxes, title insurance binder, and fire insurance binder. There may also be side agreements (e.g., holdover tenants, delivery contracts, payment

Environmental And European Airline Industry Analysis

Environmental And European Airline Industry Analysis History Ryanair has grown since 1985 with only 25 staff members and a single 15-seat turbo-prop commuter plane flying between Waterford and London. By 2001 there are more than 1500 employees working for Ryanair and more than 10 million passengers are carried to 56 cities in 13 European countries. Nowadays the company is named as the most popular airline on the web by Google and also passed out British Airways to become the UKs favourite airline in United Kingdom and throughout Europe. Mission and Objectives Ryanair does not publish a formal vision or mission statement. Due to the increase of passengers, the company has re-launched as a no frills airline to meet the needs of travelling at the lowest price. It aims to expand its market share, and increase more routes and destinations. Therefore it can become the 1st largest airline and maintain the position in the industry. Reasons for success The reason of Ryanair success because it implements different marketing strategy to make the company survive in the competition and to be able to gain competitive position in the airline market. For example, its no fills strategy. In order to position itself in the marketplace, Ryanair controls own its costs to offer the lowest fares possible and remain profitable. Chapter 2 Environmental European Airline Industry Analysis 2.1 The PESTEL Analysis The Political Factors The Europe Union (EU) has expanded in the past few years, and it will be a big factor affects the direction and strategy planning for Ryanair. And some countries give preferential treatment to companies from their own country, i.e., France government has the policy to support its own national carriers which affects the expansion of Ryanair. The Economic Factors The unstable fuel price is affecting the business. In the face of rising fuel, hedging on future buying of fuel to stable the cost as fuel is a major cost for every airline. Also, the depreciation of US dollars affects Ryanair because customers from United States will cut their orders as US dollars are depreciating. The Socio-cultural Factors The increasing travelling lifestyles become a factor to affect the business of Ryanair. Nowadays people are more enjoy a travelling lifestyle, i.e., graduation trips, backpack trips etc. They love to travel all around the world. Therefore, these people become the major customers for the company. The Technological Factors Technology is rapidly improving means the whole industry is changing, becoming more environmentally friendly and efficient. More effective infrastructure in the airports means that some airports can charge the airlines more for landing there. The Environmental Factors Under the new law, the airline industry has to be more environmentally friendly. Therefore the manufacturers, designers and airline companies have to combat this together to reduce carbon dioxide emissions and less harmful to the environment so its order to comply with EU regulations. The Legal Factors The whole industry is heavily regulated due to laws and they have to constantly adapt to new changes in the law, such as not allowing liquid on board. After 911, the tighten security measure has also affected the business, the government reinforce security, it increases costs, and forcing to push the airline ticket prices up. 2.2 The Five Forces Analysis Competitive Rivalry Ryanair has highly competitive rivalry because the large number of competitors and especially since the airline industry market is completely saturated. There are already many no frills airlines, i.e., easyJet, Monarch Airlines, and Air Berlin etc. If those companies decide to compete on the same basis as Ryanair, there will be a heavy pressure on prices and margins to Ryanair. Suppliers bargaining power The bargaining power of suppliers is high for Ryanair. Price of aviation fuel is directly related to the cost of oil. The costs from one supplier to the other are high because all mechanics and pilots would have to be retrained. Therefore, Boeing is the main suppliers of Ryanair. For those bigger airports where Ryanairs competitors operate, have greater bargaining power. Ryanairs policy is tried to avoid these airports and focus on the regional airports. Buyers Bargaining Power The bargaining power of buyers is medium. As customers are price sensitive to choose Ryanair, they only choose for cheapness not quality. Therefore if the prices are increased or a competitor has a lower price then they will switch to another airline. Threat of New Entrants The threat of potential entrants is low because set up an airline is high capital investment and the risk is high. Also there are some barriers to entry, such as a lot of regulation and the pressure to reduce carbon emissions. Threat of Substitutes The threat of substitutes is high because of the competition with buses, trains, cars and ferries. These can all substitute the low-cost airlines like Ryanair. 2.3 The Scenario Analysis According to the socio-cultural factors, the market is becoming more competitive because of having the emerging and developing countries, more people want flights therefore more airlines in order to accommodate this and it might decrease the profits in the market share. Furthermore, Ryanair is facing the increasing trade-union pressure in Europe. Some of the countries in Europe have formed a trade-union among each others, thus it gives the pressure for Ryanair to do business in these countries. Chapter 3 SWOT Analysis 3.1 Strengths Ryanair has developed a very well recognized brand name by leading low cost airline. It provides high seat density and high service performance: punctual, high rate of flight completion, low baggage loss, these give a good image of the companys reliability. Ryanair has first mover advantage in strong bargaining power in airport deals and reduces barriers to its entry into new markets and airports. Over 94% of all seats are sold online so the cost of distribution by using internet booking is lower than phone booking, also eliminates the need of travel agents. Furthermore, the single model of Boeing aircraft saves on training, maintenance and supervisory costs. 3.2 Weaknesses Ryanair is based on no frills strategy, it restricted expansion possibility. The long distances of its airport from city centers can become less attractive as markets mature. Over time customers may find this a big inconvenience. Besides, the morale of employee is low. The weakening employee relations are detrimental to success in any services industry. Other weakness of Ryanair is high turnaround would increase the fuel consumption and carbon dioxide emissions, therefore the costs will be increased. 3.3 Opportunities As the EU enlargement, there will be a lot of new destinations opened up and complete deregulation of airline industry in all EU markets. During any financial downturns, the new fleet could be leased out to undercut other sources and increase entrepreneurial activities will be a source for economy air travel. 3.4 Threats There are several threats on Ryanair. First, impending legislations for environment protection and customer compensations increase costs. Secondly, the increase in market share at the cost of network airlines could also increase airport service charges which are currently low. Then, traditional airlines are also cutting fares and costs which could affect the market share of Ryanair. Finally, additional fleets may require new terminals and secondary airports which mean Ryanair would need to bear higher cost. Chapter 4 Evaluations Recommendations 4.1 Evaluation There is a point-of-difference between Ryanair and larger airlines such as British Airways (BA). Ryanair is the Europes largest low-cost carrier and provide only basic-level service but BA is a high-class airline company which provides high perceived service, and they focus on difference position and target customers so it is quite difficult for larger airlines to imitate the strategy. More than that, Ryanairs no frill strategy is sustainable for identifying their target customers who are price-sensitive and wish to spend low price to fly safely. 4.2 Recommendations A low-cost image of Ryanair that has become its brand tag will be difficult to erase when it wishes to moves up the value chain, and the upper-middle class economy travellers may seek greater value proposition, not just for low fares. I suggest Ryanair add more routes to their already extensive network and plan for expanding operations into non-European markets in the near future. Furthermore, consolidation and integration would become necessary to grow further in maturing markets which could help Ryanair to offset pressure on its costs and fares. Reference Lists Case Study on Ryanair, the biggest low-cost European Airline (Jan, 2008) [online]Availablefrom [Accessed 21/07/10] Thomas M. Box (2005), RYANAIR (2005): SUCCESSFUL LOW COST LEADERSHIP, [online] Available from [Accessed 20/07/10] Yahoo Knowledge (2007), Assignment for strategic analysis, [online] Available from [Accessed 20/07/10]

Character analysis of “The Hitch-Hiker” by Roald Dahl Essay

The hitch hiker’s appearance was described as a small ratty faced man with grey teeth, rat like eyes, slightly pointed ears, wearing a cloth hat, greyish coloured jacket with enormous pockets. In other words, he looked like a human rat. In my opinion I think that Roald Dahl describes the hitch hiker similarly to a rat so that it makes the reader assume that the hitch hiker is probably a looney-toon, murderer or some other sort of criminal. Once the reader assume that, it will make them predict that something bad or interesting will happen involving the narrator and hitch hiker. The hitch hiker’s appearance as a rat also predicts his personality. When normal human beings think of ratty type people, their stereotypical reaction will be that the person is selfish, backstabbing, dirty, smelly, disloyal, violent and probably a criminal. At the beginning of the story, the narrator asks the hitch hiker why the he was going to the horse races if he wasn’t going to bet, the hitch hiker acts as if he didn’t hear the question and doesn’t seem to like it. These actions predict that something is up, otherwise why wouldn’t he answer the question. In the story, the hitch hiker has very fast hands. He managed to roll up a cigarette in just 5 seconds. He also managed to knick off the narrators watch, wallet, shoelace, driving license, key ring with keys, coins, a letter, a diary, and an expensive sapphire and pearl ring, belonging to the narrators wife. The hitch hikers extremely talented hands make the readers assume that the hitch hiker’s job, that he has been hiding all along, had something to do with his hands, leading the reader to assume that he was probably a pick pocket. Yet again Roald Dahl makes the readers assume something and then surprises the reader; in this case the hitch hiker is actually a finger smith, apparently the top position in the pick pocket career. When the hitch hiker speaks, he has an accent, for example he says, ‘guv’nor’ ‘od’carrier’. This lets the readers know that he is probably not from London, and from the country side. The most noticeable thing about the hitch hiker’s speech is that he manages to criticize everything as if he looks down on every type of job out there. For example when the narrator guesses the hitch hikers job as a piano player, the hitch hiker responds saying, â€Å"My job, is a hundred times more difficult than a piano player, any twerp can learn how to do that.† When the narrator guesses that the hitch hiker is a card player, the hitch hiker responds saying, â€Å"Me! A rotten cardsharper? That’s a miserable racket if ever there was one.†The hitch hiker criticizing every job makes the reader think that he must be incredibly skilled and talented, and that his job is the most knowledgeable job out there. Yet again, Roald Dahl surprises the readers that the hitch hiker is in the criminal business even though all the clues add up to it. The relationship between the narrator and hitch hiker is very surprising and unpredictable. It turns out that they become friends in the end despite the fact that the hitch hiker is a criminal and the narrator is a successful writer. I think that Roald Dahl teaches a little lesson in this story that even the two most opposite type people can have something in common and become friends.